Combined effect of mild pretreatment and fungal fermentation on nutritional characteristics of canola meal and nutrient digestibility of processed canola meal in rainbow trout

The effects of mild pretreatment and fungal fermentation on the nutritional characteristics hexane extracted canola meal (HECM) was examined. HECM is a by-product oil extraction process has restricted use in animal diets due to presence high levels antinutritional factors (ANFs) limited digestibility resulting low nutrient availability. In this study, washed with water at different solid loading rates (SLR) remove soluble ANFs. wash removed significant amounts carbohydrate glucosinolates from HECM, yielding higher proteins amino acids when compared raw HECM. test conducted rainbow trout feed that had 30% fish replaced showed slight improvement no statistical significance protein Fermentation mono- co-cultures Aureobasidium pullulans, Neurospora crassa Aspergillus niger resulted acid content uninoculated controls. Additionally, strains under co-culture fermentations exhibited varied reduction Overall, these findings suggested washing and/or enhances value